Structural Components
- A structural component is a part of a structure that supports loads and resists forces.
- The most common components are beams (horizontal) and columns (vertical), each helping to keep the structure stable and upright.
Beams
- Beams are horizontal structural elements that carry loads across a span.
- They resist bending forces and transfer loads to supports.
There are different types of beams based on how they are supported:
- Simply supported beam
- Fixed beam
- Cantilever beam
- Continuously supported beam
Simply Supported Beams
Definition
Simply Supported Beam
A beam that is supported at either end.
- Load Distribution: Transfers loads to the supports.
- Flexibility: Allows for slight movement at the supports, reducing stress.
Bridges, floors, and roofs
Simply supported beams are the most common type of beam used in construction due to their simplicity and efficiency.
Fixed Beams
Definition
Fixed Beam
A member in a structure that is fixed on both ends to supports.
- Stability: Provides greater resistance to bending and deflection.
- Load Capacity: Can support heavier loads compared to simply supported beams.
High-rise buildings and industrial structures
Cantilever Beams
Definition
Cantilever Beam
A rigid structure that is fixed on one end and extends horizontally without support on the other.
