Understanding Structures
- A structure is a combination or arrangement of parts that is designed to support loads, withstand forces, and maintain form and stability.
- Structures exist in both:
- Natural environments (e.g. trees, bones, shells)
- Built environments (e.g. buildings, bridges, furniture)
Key Characteristics of Structures
- Load-Bearing: Structures must support various loads, such as weight, wind, and pressure.
- Stability: They must remain stable under different conditions.
- Efficiency: Structures often aim to use minimal materials while maximising strength.
The study of structures involves understanding how forces interact with materials and shapes to create stable and functional designs.
Structures in Nature
- Nature creates structures that are lightweight, strong, and efficient.
- These forms are shaped over time through evolution, optimising how materials are used to perform multiple functions — like support, protection, or growth.
- Honeycomb (bees) – Hexagonal pattern uses minimal material to create a strong, lightweight structure.
- Tree trunks – Wide at the base and narrow at the top to resist bending and carry vertical loads.
- Bird bones – Hollow but reinforced with internal struts, reducing weight for flight without sacrificing strength.
- Seashells – Spiral geometry and layered material provide compression resistance and impact protection.
Think of a tree as a natural cantilever, with branches extending outward like beams supported by the trunk.
