Roles of Computers in a Network
In a networked world, computers take on various roles to ensure seamless communication, data exchange, and resource sharing. Each role is critical to maintaining the functionality and efficiency of networks.
Network
A system where multiple computers or devices (nodes) are connected to share data, resources, and communicate with each other
Such roles include, but are not limited to:
- Client: Enables user interaction with networked services.
- Server: Provides resources and services to multiple clients.
- Email Server: Ensures reliable email communication.
- DNS Server: Simplifies access to online resources by resolving domain names.
- Router: Connects networks and directs data efficiently.
- Firewall: Protects networks from unauthorised access and threats.
Understanding these roles is essential for designing, implementing, and managing networked systems.
Client
Client
A computer or device that requests services or resources from a server
Clients are typically user-facing and rely on servers to provide data and processing power. Clients send requests to servers and receive responses, enabling users to access websites, emails, and other online services.
ExampleWeb browsers, email applications, and mobile apps can be considered as clients.
ExampleIf you use a Chromium-based browser, you can right-click Inspect > Network, where you can see all the requests made by the browser to load the page and enable its functionality.
Server
Server
A device or program that provides services or resources to clients
Servers can be dedicated machines or software applications running on general-purpose computers.
NoteThe main difference between clients and servers is that servers share their resources, while clients do not.
There are a lot of types of services. Usually, they can be categorised via their main functionality, for example:
- Web Server: Hosts websites and serves web pages to clients.
- Database Server: Manages and provides access to databases.
- File Server: Stores and shares files across a network.
Except server types mentioned above, you have used before email server.
Email server
A server that manages the flow of emails within and outside a network.
It acts as a post office, handling tasks such as sending, receiving, and storing emails.
Key functions of an email server are:
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Sends outgoing emails.
- IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) / POP3 (Post Office Protocol): Retrieves incoming emails for clients.
