IB Chemistry Topic S1.2.1 Atomic Structure Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Chemistry Topic S1.2.1 Atomic Structure Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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The Components of the Atom

Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter, but they are not indivisible.
They consist of three types of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Each of these particles has distinct properties and plays a specific role in the atom.

The Nucleus: Protons and Neutrons

At the heart of the atom lies the nucleus.

Definition

Nucleus

A nucleus is a dense, positively charged core that contains protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons.

Protons:
1. These are positively charged particles with a relative charge of $ +1 $ and a relative mass of $ 1 $.
2. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number (Z), which defines the element.
Neutrons:
1. These particles are neutral, with no charge, and have a relative mass of $ 1 $.
2. Neutrons help to stabilize the nucleus by offsetting the repulsion between protons.
3. The number of neutrons can vary between atoms of the same element.

Note

Protons and neutrons are each about 2,000 times more massive than electrons, so nearly all the mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus.

The Energy Levels

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The Components of the Atom

Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter, but they are not indivisible.
They consist of three types of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Each of these particles has distinct properties and plays a specific role in the atom.

The Nucleus: Protons and Neutrons

At the heart of the atom lies the nucleus.

Definition

Nucleus

A nucleus is a dense, positively charged core that contains protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons.

Protons:
1. These are positively charged particles with a relative charge of $ +1 $ and a relative mass of $ 1 $.
2. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number (Z), which defines the element.
Neutrons:
1. These particles are neutral, with no charge, and have a relative mass of $ 1 $.
2. Neutrons help to stabilize the nucleus by offsetting the repulsion between protons.
3. The number of neutrons can vary between atoms of the same element.

Note

Protons and neutrons are each about 2,000 times more massive than electrons, so nearly all the mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus.

The Energy Levels

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Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure4 subtopics

Structure 3. Classification of matter2 subtopics

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?4 subtopics

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?3 subtopics

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?4 subtopics

IB Chemistry S1.2.1 Atomic Structure Notes

Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure4 subtopics

Structure 3. Classification of matter2 subtopics

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?4 subtopics

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?3 subtopics

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?4 subtopics

The Components of the Atom

The Nucleus: Protons and Neutrons

The Energy Levels

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The Components of the Atom

The Nucleus: Protons and Neutrons

The Energy Levels

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

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