IB Chemistry S1.1.1 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Key Definitions

A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements chemically bond together in fixed proportions.

Distillation separates two or more liquids with different boiling points.

The simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.

Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution by heating it, leaving behind the dissolved solid.

Filtration is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids. For example, sand can be separated from water using filter paper.

A mixture contains two or more elements, compounds, or both that are physically combined but not chemically bonded.

Paper chromatography is a technique used to separate the components of a mixture based on differences in their solubility and polarity.

A pure substance consists of only one type of particle with a fixed composition and uniform properties throughout.

Recrystallization exploits differences in solubility.