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Gibbs free energy
Gibbs free energy ($\Delta G$) is a thermodynamic property that determines whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous under constant pressure and temperature.
Redox reaction
A redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred from one species to another. Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously.
Standard cell potential
The standard cell potential, denoted as $E^\circ_{\text{cell}}$, is the voltage produced by an electrochemical cell under standard conditions.