Gene Pools Are the Foundation of Evolution
Definition
Gene pool
The total collection of all alleles present in a population.
- Changes in the gene pool drive the adaptations and diversity observed in species.
Changes in allele frequencies within this pool drive the adaptations and diversity we see in nature.
Gene Pools Constantly Change Through Key Processes
The gene pool evolves as allele frequencies shift due to the following mechanisms:
- Mutations Introduce New Alleles: Random mutations create new genetic variations, expanding the gene pool.
- Sexual Reproduction Shuffles Alleles: By combining genetic material from two parents, sexual reproduction produces unique allele combinations.
- Natural Selection Favors the Fittest Alleles: Traits that improve survival or reproductive success become more common in the gene pool.
- Genetic Drift Creates Random Changes: In small populations, chance events cause random fluctuations in allele frequencies.
Birds with stronger wings escape predators more easily, increasing their contribution to the gene pool.
