IB Biology Topic D4.1: Natural Selection Questionbank

How can environmental factors influence evolutionary change in a population?

Which of the following statements best distinguishes an adaptation from an acquired characteristic?

Grow their first offspring in identical conditions, then compare recovery after identical drought.

Select equally sized seeds from both mothers, then compare seedling recovery after identical drought.

Raise both lineages for two watered generations, then compare recovery after each reaches equal wilting.

Raise both lineages for two watered generations, then compare recovery after identical drought.

P; temperature favours phenotype 1 without predators

Q; predators favour phenotype 1

R; temperature favours phenotype 2 without predators

Q; temperature favours phenotype 2 without predators

They mutate DNA directly to produce beneficial alleles

They favor organisms with traits better suited for survival

They always cause extinction

They allow acquired traits to be passed on

Adaptations arise through diet; acquired traits are inherited

Acquired traits are based on genetics; adaptations are environmental

Adaptations improve fitness and are passed on; acquired traits are not heritable

Adaptations occur during an organism’s life; acquired traits are evolutionary