IB Biology Topic D2.2.11: External Factors Impacting the Pattern of Gene Expression Notes

Oestrogen Enters the Cell and Acts as a Transcription Factor

Definition

Hormones

Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to regulate various physiological processes.

Oestrogen is a steroid hormone that is lipid-soluble, so it passes straight through the cell membrane.

Inside the cell it binds to its oestrogen receptor, forming a hormone-receptor complex.

The complex acts as a transcription factor, binding to specific target genes and switching on their transcription.

This changes the pattern of proteins the cell makes, which is how oestrogen influences the female reproductive system.

Tip

Oestrogen's control of gene expression is tissue-specific.
It affects only cells that carry oestrogen receptors, such as those in the uterus, breast, and bone.

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Note

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Tip

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

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Tip

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Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
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IB Biology Topic D2.2.11: External Factors Impacting the Pattern of Gene Expression Notes

External Signals Switch the Pattern of Gene Expression On and Off

Oestrogen Enters the Cell and Acts as a Transcription Factor

The Lac Operon Lets Bacteria Make Lactose Enzymes Only When Lactose Is Present

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

External Signals Switch the Pattern of Gene Expression On and Off

Oestrogen Enters the Cell and Acts as a Transcription Factor

The Lac Operon Lets Bacteria Make Lactose Enzymes Only When Lactose Is Present

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic D2.2.11: External Factors Impacting the Pattern of Gene Expression Notes

External Signals Switch the Pattern of Gene Expression On and Off

Oestrogen Enters the Cell and Acts as a Transcription Factor

The Lac Operon Lets Bacteria Make Lactose Enzymes Only When Lactose Is Present

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

External Signals Switch the Pattern of Gene Expression On and Off

Oestrogen Enters the Cell and Acts as a Transcription Factor

The Lac Operon Lets Bacteria Make Lactose Enzymes Only When Lactose Is Present

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics