Release of Energy in Autotrophs and Heterotrophs by Oxidation of Carbon Compounds in Cell Respiration
- Organisms require a continuous supply of energy in the form of ATP to carry out vital cellular processes.
- This energy is generated through the oxidation of carbon compounds such as carbohydrates and lipids in a process called cell respiration.
Definition
Cell respiration
Cell respiration is a series of metabolic processes that convert energy stored in carbon compounds, such as glucose and fatty acids, into ATP.
Why Do Cells Need Energy?
- Cells use ATP for:
- Synthesis of Molecules: Building DNA, RNA, and proteins.
- Active Transport: Moving ions and molecules across cell membranes.
- Movement: Contracting muscles or moving cellular structures.
- Heat Production: Maintaining body temperature in mammals and birds.
ATP is not stored in large amounts, so cells must continuously produce it through processes like cell respiration.
How is ATP Produced?
- Oxidation of Carbon Compounds:
- Carbon compounds like glucose are oxidized to release energy.
- This energy is used to phosphorylate ADP into ATP.
- Both autotrophs and heterotrophs rely on this process to meet their energy needs.
Energy released during cell respiration fuels essential cellular activities, supporting life across autotrophs and heterotrophs.
