IB Biology Topic C1.2.6 Variables Affecting the Rate of Cell Respiration Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic C1.2.6 Variables Affecting the Rate of Cell Respiration Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Five variables set how fast cells respire, and each can be measured

Temperature, respiratory substrate, oxygen, substrate concentration, and pH all change the rate of cell respiration.
You can measure this rate with a respirometer by tracking oxygen use, carbon dioxide output, or substrate loss.

Variables affecting the rate

Temperature
1. Respiration relies on enzymes, so raising the temperature speeds up their activity and increases the rate.
2. Above the optimum temperature the enzymes denature, so the rate falls.
Type of respiratory substrate
1. Carbohydrates are used first because they are easy to break down.
2. Lipids release more energy per gram but are broken down more slowly.
Oxygen availability
1. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration.
2. When oxygen runs low, cells switch to anaerobic respiration and make far less ATP (about 2 per glucose).
3. Animal cells then produce lactate, while yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Substrate concentration
1. More glucose or other substrate raises the rate up to a point.

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Five variables set how fast cells respire, and each can be measured

Temperature, respiratory substrate, oxygen, substrate concentration, and pH all change the rate of cell respiration.
You can measure this rate with a respirometer by tracking oxygen use, carbon dioxide output, or substrate loss.

Variables affecting the rate

Temperature
1. Respiration relies on enzymes, so raising the temperature speeds up their activity and increases the rate.
2. Above the optimum temperature the enzymes denature, so the rate falls.
Type of respiratory substrate
1. Carbohydrates are used first because they are easy to break down.
2. Lipids release more energy per gram but are broken down more slowly.
Oxygen availability
1. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration.
2. When oxygen runs low, cells switch to anaerobic respiration and make far less ATP (about 2 per glucose).
3. Animal cells then produce lactate, while yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Substrate concentration
1. More glucose or other substrate raises the rate up to a point.

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A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C1.2.6: Variables Affecting the Rate of Cell Respiration Notes

Five variables set how fast cells respire, and each can be measured

Variables affecting the rate

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

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Five variables set how fast cells respire, and each can be measured

Variables affecting the rate

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics