IB Biology Topic B4.2.4 Holozoic Nutrition in Animals Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic B4.2.4 Holozoic Nutrition in Animals Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Holozoic Nutrition: Animals Take Food In and Digest It Inside the Body

Definition

Holozoic nutrition

Holozoic nutrition is the process by which animals obtain energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Animals are heterotrophic, so they take in organic compounds made by other organisms.
In holozoic nutrition the food is ingested and then digested inside the body.
It runs through five stages: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.
Different animals ingest different foods, but they all use the same internal sequence.

Analogy

Holozoic nutrition works like an assembly line that processes food into usable energy and building materials.

The Five Stages: From Food to Body Materials

Ingestion: Taking Food Into the Body

Definition

Ingestion

Ingestion is the first step in holozoic nutrition, where animals take food into their bodies.

Ingestion is the intake of food into the gut, ready for digestion.
Different animals take in different foods, from a cow grazing grass to a lion feeding on prey.

Digestion: Breaking Food Into Smaller Molecules

Definition

Digestion

Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller, absorbable molecules.

Mechanical digestion physically breaks food into smaller pieces.
1. Examples include chewing in the mouth and churning in the stomach.

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Note

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Tip

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Holozoic Nutrition: Animals Take Food In and Digest It Inside the Body

Definition

Holozoic nutrition

Holozoic nutrition is the process by which animals obtain energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Animals are heterotrophic, so they take in organic compounds made by other organisms.
In holozoic nutrition the food is ingested and then digested inside the body.
It runs through five stages: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.
Different animals ingest different foods, but they all use the same internal sequence.

Analogy

Holozoic nutrition works like an assembly line that processes food into usable energy and building materials.

The Five Stages: From Food to Body Materials

Ingestion: Taking Food Into the Body

Definition

Ingestion

Ingestion is the first step in holozoic nutrition, where animals take food into their bodies.

Ingestion is the intake of food into the gut, ready for digestion.
Different animals take in different foods, from a cow grazing grass to a lion feeding on prey.

Digestion: Breaking Food Into Smaller Molecules

Definition

Digestion

Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller, absorbable molecules.

Mechanical digestion physically breaks food into smaller pieces.
1. Examples include chewing in the mouth and churning in the stomach.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic B4.2.4: Holozoic Nutrition in Animals Notes

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

Holozoic Nutrition: Animals Take Food In and Digest It Inside the Body

The Five Stages: From Food to Body Materials

Ingestion: Taking Food Into the Body

Digestion: Breaking Food Into Smaller Molecules

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Holozoic Nutrition: Animals Take Food In and Digest It Inside the Body

The Five Stages: From Food to Body Materials

Ingestion: Taking Food Into the Body

Digestion: Breaking Food Into Smaller Molecules

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account