Notes for B4.2.10 Adaptations of predators - IB | RevisionDojo
B4.2.10 Adaptations of predators Notes
Predator-Prey Interactions: Adaptations in Predation and Defense
Predators rely on their adaptations to hunt, kill, and consume prey, while prey species have evolved various strategies to escape or deter predation.
These adaptations can be physical, chemical, or behavioral, ensuring survival in complex ecosystems.
Physical Adaptations Occur Gradually
Physically adaptations develop gradually because they require genetic mutations and selection over multiple generations.
These changes often reflect long-term responses to consistent environmental pressures, such as food availability or predation.
Predators
Owls possess silent flight due to specialized feather structures, allowing them to ambush prey undetected during the night.Cheetahs have long limbs, lightweight frames, and non-retractable claws for exceptional speed to catch swift prey like gazelles.
Prey
Stick insects mimic twigs, blending seamlessly into their surroundings to avoid visual detection by predatorsPorcupines use sharp quills as a physical barrier, deterring potential attacks
Chemical Adaptations Are Slowest To Evolve
Chemical adaptations require the development of new enzymes or biochemical pathways, which can take millions of years to evolve.
These adpataitons often evolve in response to specialized environments, such as the ability of some animals to detoxify plant toxins or thrive in extreme conditions.
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Questions
Recap questions
1 of 5
Question 1
Recap question
A population of small mammals is suddenly exposed to a new nocturnal predator. Within a few generations, individuals begin altering their foraging times to dawn and dusk to avoid attack. Which category of adaptation best explains this rapid shift in activity pattern?
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Note
Introduction to Predator-Prey Adaptations
Predators and prey are engaged in a constant evolutionary struggle, where both sides develop adaptations to outcompete each other.
This dynamic interaction is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecosystems, shaping species' behaviors, morphologies, and survival strategies.
AnalogyThink of predator-prey adaptations like a never-ending game of chess, where each player continuously improves their strategies to outsmart the other.
DefinitionAdaptationA heritable trait that enhances an organism's survival or reproductive success in its environment.
ExampleIn the African savanna, cheetahs have evolved incredible speed to catch prey, while gazelles have developed agile escape maneuvers.
