Notes for B3.2.2 Structure of arteries and veins - IB | RevisionDojo
B3.2.2 Structure of arteries and veins Notes
Functional Differences Between Arteries and Veins
Arteries and veins are the primary blood vessels in your circulatory system, yet they perform distinct roles.
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart under high pressure, while veins return oxygen-poor blood to the heart under low pressure.
These functional differences are reflected in their structure.
Vessel composition
Arteries: Designed for High-Pressure Flow
High-Pressure Transport: Arteries are built to withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped directly from the heart.
Thick and Elastic Walls:
Their walls are thick and elastic, enabling them to stretch and recoil with each heartbeat.
This elasticity helps maintain blood pressure and ensures a steady flow of blood, even between heartbeats.
Example
The aorta, the largest artery in the body, exemplifies these characteristics with its robust and elastic structure.
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Questions
Recap questions
1 of 5
Question 1
Recap question
A vein graft is used to bypass a blocked coronary artery. Over time, the graft remodels under arterial pressures. Which structural adaptation is most likely?
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Note
Functional Differences Between Arteries and Veins
Arteries and veins have different structures because they perform different functions in the circulatory system.
This is a great example of the biological principle that form follows function.
Arteries need to withstand high pressure
Veins need to prevent backflow of blood
TipWhen studying biological structures, always consider how their shape and features relate to their function.
Common MistakeDon't assume that all blood vessels look the same - their structures vary greatly depending on their specific roles.
ExampleThe thick walls of arteries help them withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped from the heart.
