A.1.1 Inter-system communication
Flashcards for A.1.1 Inter-system communication - IB
These interactive flashcards help IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS - Old) students Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) quickly review and memorize the essential definitions, formulas, and terms needed for success in IB Exams. Each card focuses on A.1.1 Inter-system communication and is aligned with the IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS - Old) syllabus, ensuring focused revision on core principles, advanced applications, and practical problem-solving. Students can test themselves anytime, anywhere, perfect for reinforcing tricky concepts, learning IB terminology, and committing formulas to memory. By using RevisionDojo's flashcards consistently, learners turn repetition into mastery and enter the exam with confidence.
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What are the two main components of the nervous system?
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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What are the two main components of the nervous system?
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What is the function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The CNS processes incoming sensory information and generates responses, acting as the command center.
What does the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) do?
The PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body and transmits sensory information and motor commands.
What is the difference between the afferent and efferent divisions of the PNS?
- Afferent Division: Sends sensory information to the CNS.
- Efferent Division: Transmits motor commands from the CNS to the body.
What is the somatic nervous system?
The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements by activating skeletal muscles.
What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
The ANS regulates involuntary functions like heart rate, breathing, and digestion.
What are the two divisions of the ANS?
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system?
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.
What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system?
The parasympathetic nervous system promotes 'rest and digest' activities to restore balance.
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?
It increases heart rate and contraction strength during exercise or stress by releasing neurotransmitters.
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?
It slows heart rate during rest by releasing acetylcholine.
What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?
The SA node generates electrical impulses to maintain a baseline heart rate.
How does the ANS regulate breathing during physical activity?
The sympathetic nervous system increases breathing rate and depth by stimulating the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
What is the role of the ANS in temperature regulation?
The ANS regulates body temperature by activating sweat glands and constricting blood vessels.
What is the difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system in terms of communication speed?
The nervous system communicates rapidly through electrical signals, while the endocrine system uses hormones for slower, longer-lasting control.
What hormones are released by the adrenal glands during stress?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine.
What is the function of insulin?
Insulin lowers blood sugar by promoting glucose uptake into cells.
What is the function of glucagon?
Glucagon raises blood sugar by stimulating the release of glucose from stored glycogen in the liver.
What does the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) do?
ADH regulates water balance by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
How do reproductive hormones affect athletic performance?
Reproductive hormones like testosterone, progesterone, and estrogen influence muscle growth, energy availability, and joint health.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the body's ability to sustain a stable internal environment.
How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems collaborate during exercise and recovery?
The sympathetic system increases heart rate during exercise, while the parasympathetic system slows it down during recovery.