What is the difference between learning and performance?

Learning is a relatively permanent change in performance capability, while performance is observable behavior at a specific moment.

What characterizes the cognitive/verbal phase of learning?

High cognitive demand, frequent errors, slow movements, and reliance on verbal instruction.

What is a key focus during the cognitive phase of learning?

Clear instructions and demonstrations rather than complex feedback.

What defines the associative/motor phase of learning?

More fluid movements, fewer major errors, better understanding of feedback, and beginning muscle memory development.

What characterizes the autonomous phase of learning?

Automatic execution, minimal conscious thought, ability to perform under pressure, and focus on fine-tuning.

What is a positive acceleration learning curve?

Progress starts slow but increases rapidly, common in simple, motivating tasks.

What is a negative acceleration learning curve?

Rapid initial progress followed by slower improvement, the most common learning pattern.

What does a plateau learning curve indicate?

Progress levels off after initial improvement, possibly indicating a need for new learning strategies.

What are internal factors affecting learning rate?

Physical maturation, age, and physical fitness.

How does age affect learning capacity?

Learning capacity varies at different life stages, influenced by neural plasticity and previous experience.

What external factors can affect the learning rate?

Teaching environment, coaching differences, task difficulty, and motivation.

What role does motivation play in learning?

Motivation includes internal drive, external rewards, goal setting, and social support.

What is the importance of matching teaching approaches?

It optimizes learning by aligning with the individual's current development stage and motivation level.

What is the significance of muscle memory in the associative phase?

It marks the beginning of automaticity in movements, leading to improved performance.

What should not be assumed when encountering a plateau in learning?

A plateau does not mean learning has stopped; it may require a different approach or more challenging tasks.

What are the characteristics of the autonomous phase in sports?

Performers execute skills automatically with minimal conscious thought, even under pressure.