B.1.3 Muscular function
Flashcards for B.1.3 Muscular function - IB
These interactive flashcards help IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS - Old) students Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) quickly review and memorize the essential definitions, formulas, and terms needed for success in IB Exams. Each card focuses on B.1.3 Muscular function and is aligned with the IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS - Old) syllabus, ensuring focused revision on core principles, advanced applications, and practical problem-solving. Students can test themselves anytime, anywhere, perfect for reinforcing tricky concepts, learning IB terminology, and committing formulas to memory. By using RevisionDojo's flashcards consistently, learners turn repetition into mastery and enter the exam with confidence.
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What are isotonic contractions?
Muscle contractions involving movement where the muscle changes length while maintaining constant tension.
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What are isotonic contractions?
Muscle contractions involving movement where the muscle changes length while maintaining constant tension.
What is a concentric contraction?
A type of isotonic contraction where the muscle shortens while generating force.
Give an example of a concentric contraction.
During a bicep curl, lifting the weight up causes the bicep muscle to shorten.
What is an eccentric contraction?
A type of isotonic contraction where the muscle lengthens while under tension.
What is a common effect of eccentric contractions?
They are associated with more muscle damage and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS).
What are isometric contractions?
Muscle contractions that generate force without changing length, with no visible movement at the joint.
Give an example of an isometric contraction.
Holding a plank position or pushing against an immovable wall.
What are isokinetic contractions?
Muscle contractions that occur at a constant speed throughout the movement, often requiring specialized equipment.
What are slow twitch muscle fibers?
Type I fibers that have high endurance capacity, are rich in mitochondria, and are slower to fatigue.
Who typically has a higher percentage of slow twitch fibers?
Marathon runners usually have a higher percentage of slow twitch fibers in their leg muscles.
What are fast twitch muscle fibers?
Type II fibers that have higher power output, fatigue more quickly, and have high glycogen content.
What is reciprocal inhibition?
A neuromuscular process where the contraction of one muscle (agonist) leads to the relaxation of its opposite muscle (antagonist).
Give an example of reciprocal inhibition.
When bending the elbow, the biceps contract (agonist) while the triceps relax (antagonist).
What is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)?
Pain and stiffness felt 24-72 hours after exercise, primarily caused by eccentric muscle actions.
What are some prevention strategies for DOMS?
Gradual progression in training intensity, proper warm-up and cool-down, and reducing eccentric components in early training.
What is a common mistake regarding DOMS?
Many people mistake DOMS for a sign of a good workout, but excessive DOMS can hinder training progress.
What is a tip for minimizing DOMS when trying new exercises?
Start with lighter weights and fewer repetitions.