What are macronutrients?

The main nutrients that provide energy: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

What is the primary energy source for the body?

Carbohydrates.

How many calories do carbohydrates provide per gram?

4 calories per gram.

What is the role of proteins in the body?

Essential for muscle repair and growth.

How many calories do proteins provide per gram?

4 calories per gram.

What are fats also known as?

Lipids.

How many calories do fats provide per gram?

9 calories per gram.

What is the importance of water in the body?

Regulates body temperature, transports nutrients, and aids in waste removal.

What are the two categories of vitamins?

Water-soluble and fat-soluble.

What is the recommended carbohydrate intake for the general population?

45-65% of total calories.

What is the carbohydrate intake recommendation for endurance athletes?

60-70% of total calories.

What are the three energy systems?

ATP-CP System, Lactic Acid System, Aerobic System.

What is the ATP-CP System?

An immediate energy source for very short durations (0-10 seconds) without oxygen.

What does insulin do in the body?

Helps glucose enter cells and promotes glycogen and fat storage.

How does exercise affect insulin sensitivity?

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity.

What is the focus for health in dietary recommendations?

Balanced, whole foods and staying hydrated.

What should athletes consider in their nutrition?

Match nutrition to training demands and time meals around workouts.

What is a common mistake people make regarding nutrition?

Focusing too much on percentages rather than food quality.

What is the role of carbohydrates in athletic performance?

They provide the primary energy needed for endurance activities.

What is the significance of fats in the diet?

Crucial for long-term energy and many bodily functions.

What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism?

Anabolism builds up and requires energy; catabolism breaks down and releases energy.