Homeostasis and Negative Feedback Mechanisms
Understanding Homeostasis
Homeostasis is like your body's internal thermostat - it's constantly working to maintain stable conditions inside your body, regardless of what's happening in the external environment.
NoteThe term "homeostasis" comes from the Greek words "homeo" (similar) and "stasis" (standing still), literally meaning maintaining stability.
Key variables that homeostasis monitors and regulates include:
- Body temperature
- Blood glucose levels
- Blood pressure
- pH levels
- Hydration levels
- Oxygen levels
How Homeostasis Works
The process of homeostasis involves three essential components:
- Receptor - Detects changes in the internal environment
- Control Center - Usually in the brain, processes information from receptors
- Effector - Organs or tissues that create the necessary response
Think about maintaining body temperature:
- Receptors in your skin detect temperature changes
- The hypothalamus (control center) processes this information
- Effectors like sweat glands and blood vessels respond accordingly
Negative Feedback Mechanisms
Negative feedback is the primary way homeostasis maintains balance. It works by:
