IB Psychology Topic Validity and Reliability of Diagnosis Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Psychology Topic Validity and Reliability of Diagnosis Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Definition

Reliability

Reliability refers to the consistency of diagnostic outcomes among clinicians.

Definition

Inter-Rater Reliability:

Inter-Rater Reliability: Agreement between clinicians using the same classification system.

Definition

Validity

Validity refers to the extent to which a concept or measurement accurately reflects what it is intended to measure. Types of validity include:

Predictive Validity: The degree to which a test or diagnosis accurately predicts future outcomes, such as treatment effectiveness.
Face Validity: The degree to which criteria appears, at face value, to measure what it says it measures. This may be subject to social desirability bias.
Construct Validity: The degree to which a diagnostic questionnaire actually measures the disorder it intends to measure. This is established by administering the test to people who were previously diagnosed.

Note

Trade-Offs: As reliability increases (standardization), validity might decrease (loss of individualized assessment).

Key Study

Example

Beck et al. (1962)

Aim: To evaluate the reliability of DSM-I.

Method: Comparative analysis of diagnostic outcomes.

Procedure:

Two clinicians independently diagnosed patients using DSM-I criteria.
Results were compared for consistency.

Results:

Agreement was only 54%, highlighting low inter-rater reliability.

Conclusion: Early DSM editions faced challenges in reliability, prompting revisions to include more observable criteria.

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Definition

Paywall

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Note

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Tip

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Definition

Reliability

Reliability refers to the consistency of diagnostic outcomes among clinicians.

Definition

Inter-Rater Reliability:

Inter-Rater Reliability: Agreement between clinicians using the same classification system.

Definition

Validity

Validity refers to the extent to which a concept or measurement accurately reflects what it is intended to measure. Types of validity include:

Predictive Validity: The degree to which a test or diagnosis accurately predicts future outcomes, such as treatment effectiveness.
Face Validity: The degree to which criteria appears, at face value, to measure what it says it measures. This may be subject to social desirability bias.
Construct Validity: The degree to which a diagnostic questionnaire actually measures the disorder it intends to measure. This is established by administering the test to people who were previously diagnosed.

Note

Trade-Offs: As reliability increases (standardization), validity might decrease (loss of individualized assessment).

Key Study

Example

Beck et al. (1962)

Aim: To evaluate the reliability of DSM-I.

Method: Comparative analysis of diagnostic outcomes.

Procedure:

Two clinicians independently diagnosed patients using DSM-I criteria.
Results were compared for consistency.

Results:

Agreement was only 54%, highlighting low inter-rater reliability.

Conclusion: Early DSM editions faced challenges in reliability, prompting revisions to include more observable criteria.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

IB Psychology Validity and Reliability of Diagnosis Notes

Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

Key Study

Beck et al. (1962)

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Key Study

Beck et al. (1962)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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