Types of Evaluations
- Empirical Evidence:
- Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for testing treatment effectiveness.
- Patient Outcomes:
- Success is measured by symptom reduction and improved quality of life.
- Cost-Effectiveness:
- Balances treatment costs with long-term benefits.
Supporting Study
Case studyElkin et al. (1989) - Depression Treatments
Aim: To compare the effectiveness of different treatments for depression.
Method: Randomized controlled trial.
Procedure:
- Participants with major depression were assigned to four groups: CBT, interpersonal therapy, antidepressants, or placebo.
- Treatment outcomes were measured over 16 weeks.
Results:
- All active treatments outperformed placebo.
- No significant differences were found between CBT, interpersonal therapy, and antidepressants.
Conclusion: Multiple treatment approaches are effective, and patient preferences should guide selection.
Critical Thinking
Strengths and Weaknesses
- Strengths: Highlights the importance of personalized treatment.
- Weaknesses: Studies may not account for long-term outcomes.
Applications
- Encourages clinicians to consider patient preferences and cultural factors.
- Informed consent is critical, especially when using placebos.
- Balancing treatment accessibility with cost-effectiveness remains a challenge.
