HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- Stateless Protocol : HTTP is stateless, meaning each request is independent and does not retain information about previous interactions.
- Request-Response Model : Communication occurs through a client-server model, where the client sends a request and the server responds.
- Text-Based : HTTP messages are human-readable and consist of methods like GET , POST , PUT , and DELETE.
- Port 80 : By default, HTTP operates on port 80.
HTTP does not encrypt data, making it vulnerable to eavesdropping.
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
- Secure Version of HTTP : HTTPS adds a layer of encryption using protocols like SSL/TLS.
- Data Integrity and Confidentiality : Ensures that data is encrypted during transmission, protecting it from interception.
- Authentication : Uses digital certificates to verify the identity of the server.
- Port 443 : HTTPS operates on port 443.
HTTPS is essential for secure transactions, such as online banking and shopping.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
- Markup Language : HTML is used to structure web content using tags like <h1>, <p>, and <a>.
- Static Content : Defines the content and layout of web pages but does not handle dynamic behavior.
- Platform Independent: HTML files can be rendered by any web browser.
HTML tags are enclosed in angle brackets, e.g., <h1>Title</h1>.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
- Web Address : A URL specifies the location of a resource on the internet.
- Components : Includes the protocol (e.g., https://), domain (e.g., www.example.com), and path (e.g., /index.html).
- Human-Readable: Designed to be easily understood and remembered by users.
A URL like https://www.example.com/about points to the "about" page on the "example.com" domain using HTTPS.
