IB Psychology 2.3.1 Cognitive Dissonance Notes

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological state of tension that occurs when an individual holds two conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors, leading to discomfort and a motivation to reduce the inconsistency.

This tension motivates individuals to reduce the dissonance by changing their attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.

Example

A smoker who values health but continues to smoke experiences cognitive dissonance.
To reduce this discomfort, they might rationalize their behavior by downplaying the risks of smoking or convincing themselves that they will quit soon.

Case study

Festinger and Carlsmith (1959)

Aim

To investigate whether making people perform a dull task and then lie about it being enjoyable would create cognitive dissonance, leading to attitude change.

Method

Participants performed a boring task (turning pegs on a board).
They were then asked to tell the next participant that the task was enjoyable.
Participants were paid either 1 USD or 20 USD for this lie.
Afterwards, they rated how enjoyable they found the task.

Results

Participants paid 1 USD rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid 20 USD.
Those paid 1 USD experienced cognitive dissonance because the reward was insufficient to justify the lie, leading them to change their attitude to align with their behavior.
Those paid 20 USD had enough external justification, so they did not experience dissonance.

Conclusion

Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is insufficient external justification for a behavior, leading individuals to change their attitudes to reduce the discomfort.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.

Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Nice try, unfortunately this paywall isn't as easy to bypass as you think. Want to help devleop the site? Join the team at https://revisiondojo.com/join-us. exercitation voluptate cillum ullamco excepteur sint officia do tempor Lorem irure minim Lorem elit id voluptate reprehenderit voluptate laboris in nostrud qui non Lorem nostrud laborum culpa sit occaecat reprehenderit

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

IB Psychology 2.3.1 Cognitive Dissonance Notes

Cognitive Dissonance

Sociocultural Relevance

Social Norms and Cultural Expectations

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Cognitive Dissonance

Sociocultural Relevance

Social Norms and Cultural Expectations

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

1. Concepts6 subtopics

2. Content4 subtopics

3. Contexts4 subtopics

4. Extensions (HL only)4 subtopics

IB Psychology 2.3.1 Cognitive Dissonance Notes

1. Concepts6 subtopics

2. Content4 subtopics

3. Contexts4 subtopics

4. Extensions (HL only)4 subtopics

Cognitive Dissonance

Sociocultural Relevance

Social Norms and Cultural Expectations

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Cognitive Dissonance

Sociocultural Relevance

Social Norms and Cultural Expectations

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account