IB Psychology Topic 2.4.1 Data Analysis and Interpretation Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Psychology Topic 2.4.1 Data Analysis and Interpretation Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Definition

Data Analysis

Data analysis is the process of examining, organising, and interpreting research data to identify patterns and draw conclusions about the question being studied.

Descriptive Statistics

These are used to describe a dataset
It can include measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), that tell us about the typical response.
It can also include measures of dispersion (range, standard deviation, variance) that tell us how spread out the data is.
It can help with summarizing data, comparing data, and cleaning data.

Inferential Statistics

These aid in generalization of data. We can draw conclusions, make predictions, and conduct hypothesis testing.
Example of hypothesis testing are ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) tests, t tests, chi squared tests, etc.
Each test is typically suited for different research designs.
For example, ANOVA tests typically compare results with a p value which indicates the probability that the null hypothesis is true.
1. If p = 0.05, and the result is greater than 0.05, the chance that the null hypothesis is true is too high and we reject it.
2. Likewise, if p is less than 0.05, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Analogy

Think of statistics used to describe a photograph of basketball players.
Descriptive statistics would measure the average height of the players in the image.
On the other hand, inferential statistics would measure the ability to generalize the heights to outside populations.

Correlation Coefficients

Used to quantify the direction and strength of the relationship between two variables.
The most used test is Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, which measures correlations from perfectly negative (-1) to perfectly positive (+1) with 0 denoting no correlation.
Correlation never implies causation, but these tests can be useful for predicting outcomes.

Thematic Analysis

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Note

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Tip

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IB Psychology 2.4.1 Data Analysis and Interpretation Notes

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Correlation Coefficients

Thematic Analysis

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Data Analysis and Interpretation

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Correlation Coefficients

Thematic Analysis

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1. Concepts6 subtopics

2. Content4 subtopics

3. Contexts4 subtopics

4. Extensions (HL only)4 subtopics

IB Psychology 2.4.1 Data Analysis and Interpretation Notes

1. Concepts6 subtopics

2. Content4 subtopics

3. Contexts4 subtopics

4. Extensions (HL only)4 subtopics

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Correlation Coefficients

Thematic Analysis

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

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Data Analysis and Interpretation

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Correlation Coefficients

Thematic Analysis

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