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Amplitude
Amplitude is the maximum displacement of an oscillating object from its equilibrium position.
Angular frequency
Angular frequency $\omega$ is the rate of change of phase of an oscillation, equal to $2\pi f$ and measured in radians per second (rad s$^{-1}$).
Frequency
Frequency is the number of complete oscillations per unit time, measured in hertz (Hz).
Period
The period ($T$) is the time taken for one complete revolution.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion (SHM) is oscillatory motion in which the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium and always directed opposite to that displacement.