The Problem of Identity Over Time
- Identity over time refers to the question of what makes an entity the same despite changes.
- For persons, this involves understanding what makes you the same person you were 10 years ago.
Psychological Continuity and Memory
- John Locke: A key figure in the development of the psychological continuity theory.
- Memory: Central to Locke's view, where personal identity is linked to the continuity of consciousness.
Locke's Theory of Personal Identity
- Consciousness and Memory: Locke argues that personal identity is based on the continuity of consciousness, particularly memory.
- Example: If you can remember an experience from your past, you are the same person who had that experience.
Example
In Locke's view, if you remember your 10th birthday party, the memory connects your present self to your past self, establishing your identity over time.
Criticisms of Locke's Theory
- Memory Gaps: What about periods you don't remember? Are you not the same person during those times?
- False Memories: Can false memories create a false sense of identity?
Note
Locke addresses memory gaps by suggesting that identity is not about remembering every moment but having a chain of overlapping memories that connect different stages of your life.
Vasubandhu and the Buddhist Perspective
- Anatta (No-Self): Vasubandhu, a Buddhist philosopher, challenges the notion of a permanent self.
- Impermanence: In Buddhism, all things, including the self, are in constant flux.
Note
- Vasubandhu's view contrasts sharply with Locke's.
- While Locke seeks a basis for personal identity, Vasubandhu argues that the very concept of a permanent self is an illusion.
Psychological Continuity vs. Physical Continuity
- Psychological Continuity: Focuses on memory, consciousness, and mental states.
- Physical Continuity: Emphasizes the persistence of the same physical body.
Hint
- When analyzing identity over time, consider both psychological and physical aspects.
- This dual perspective can help you evaluate different theories more comprehensively.
The Ship of Theseus: A Metaphor for Identity
- The Ship of Theseus: A thought experiment that explores identity through gradual change.
- Relevance to Personal Identity: Highlights the tension between continuity and change, applicable to both physical and psychological aspects.
