The Mixed Marriages Act (1949) banned marriage between white and non-white South Africans, reinforcing apartheid’s racial barriers.
There were three main laws that legalized the separation of social groups according to races:
The Group Areas Act of 1950
The Bantu Authorities Act of 1951
The Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act of 1959 (Bantustans).
We will see these three later on, but it is important to read the following legislation against the backdrop of these bigger laws of apartheid.
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949) and Immorality Act (1950)
These criminalized marriages and sexual relations between White South Africans and people of other racial groups.
The punishment could go from fines to prison (up to seven years for both men and women)
The police conducted humiliating raids based on tips, often breaking into homes at night and collecting intimate items to use as legal evidence.
Nevertheless, mixed marriages were extremely rare at the time (don´t forget that Apartheid legislation was built on existing discrimination and racism), so these acts were symbolic to an extent.
Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (1953)
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Introduction to Apartheid
Apartheid was a policy of racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa from 1948 to 1994.
Aimed to maintain white supremacy by enforcing strict separation between racial groups.
Affected every aspect of life, including where people could live, work, and go to school.
DefinitionApartheidA system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa between 1948 and 1994.
ExampleSigns reading "Whites Only" and "Non-Whites Only" were common in public spaces during apartheid.
AnalogyThink of apartheid as a rigid caste system, where your rights and opportunities were determined solely by your race.
NoteThe term "apartheid" comes from the Afrikaans word for "apartness."