IB History Topic Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid Legislation Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB History Topic Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid Legislation Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid legislation

Nature and characteristics of discrimination

The second case study for this Prescribed Topic in Paper 1 focuses on Apartheid (“apartness” in Afrikaans), the legal and political system in South Africa (1948-1994) that enforced strict racial separation between Whites and non-Whites, especially Black South Africans.
It gave political power, economic privilege, and social rights almost exclusively to the White minority, while denying basic rights like voting, land ownership, and freedom of movement to the majority Black population and other non-Whites.
Through laws and policies, apartheid controlled where people could live, work, go to school, and whom they could marry-based solely on race. These laws were put forward by the National Party (NP)
Even though Apartheid ended in 1994, the events for this Prescribed Topic focuses on the period between 1948 and 1964.

Note

Who is who in South Africa
- Apartheid meant the strict division of people according to race. In South Africa, the main groups were:
- White South Africans: mainly comprised two groups: Afrikaners and English-speaking Whites.
  - Afrikaners, who formed roughly 60% of the White population, descended from Dutch settlers. Their language, Afrikaans, is closely related to Dutch.
  - Most supported the National Party during its rule. Afrikaners are sometimes referred to as Boers.
  - They are not strictly the same, as Boers were originally farmers and Afrikaners urban dwellers, but for the purpose of this course they can be used as exchangeable terms.
  - English-speaking Whites, making up the remaining 40%, traced their roots to 19th-century British colonists.
  - While also Protestant, they leaned toward the more moderate United Party, which opposed Afrikaner dominance but still accepted segregation principles.
Non White people were divided into:
- Coloureds (mixed-race people) and Indians occupied a middle tier in apartheid’s racial hierarchy; they opposed apartheid but were treated better than Black Africans.
- Black South Africans, the majority group, were ethnically diverse and split into two major linguistic families: Nguni and Sotho-Tswana. They were called Bantu as a derogatory term.

Common Mistake

Be very careful with the term “Bantu”.
Unless you’re quoting a source, remember that during Apartheid years it became very offensive, so write “Black South Africans” or “Black population” instead.

Colonization

South Africa was colonized by the Dutch in the late 1700s and the British in the 1800s.
1. During that time, there were clashes with the native groups of South Africa as well as fighting between the British and the Dutch, especially after the discovery of gold towards the end of the 19th C.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid legislation

Nature and characteristics of discrimination

The second case study for this Prescribed Topic in Paper 1 focuses on Apartheid (“apartness” in Afrikaans), the legal and political system in South Africa (1948-1994) that enforced strict racial separation between Whites and non-Whites, especially Black South Africans.
It gave political power, economic privilege, and social rights almost exclusively to the White minority, while denying basic rights like voting, land ownership, and freedom of movement to the majority Black population and other non-Whites.
Through laws and policies, apartheid controlled where people could live, work, go to school, and whom they could marry-based solely on race. These laws were put forward by the National Party (NP)
Even though Apartheid ended in 1994, the events for this Prescribed Topic focuses on the period between 1948 and 1964.

Note

Who is who in South Africa
- Apartheid meant the strict division of people according to race. In South Africa, the main groups were:
- White South Africans: mainly comprised two groups: Afrikaners and English-speaking Whites.
  - Afrikaners, who formed roughly 60% of the White population, descended from Dutch settlers. Their language, Afrikaans, is closely related to Dutch.
  - Most supported the National Party during its rule. Afrikaners are sometimes referred to as Boers.
  - They are not strictly the same, as Boers were originally farmers and Afrikaners urban dwellers, but for the purpose of this course they can be used as exchangeable terms.
  - English-speaking Whites, making up the remaining 40%, traced their roots to 19th-century British colonists.
  - While also Protestant, they leaned toward the more moderate United Party, which opposed Afrikaner dominance but still accepted segregation principles.
Non White people were divided into:
- Coloureds (mixed-race people) and Indians occupied a middle tier in apartheid’s racial hierarchy; they opposed apartheid but were treated better than Black Africans.
- Black South Africans, the majority group, were ethnically diverse and split into two major linguistic families: Nguni and Sotho-Tswana. They were called Bantu as a derogatory term.

Common Mistake

Be very careful with the term “Bantu”.
Unless you’re quoting a source, remember that during Apartheid years it became very offensive, so write “Black South Africans” or “Black population” instead.

Colonization

South Africa was colonized by the Dutch in the late 1700s and the British in the 1800s.
1. During that time, there were clashes with the native groups of South Africa as well as fighting between the British and the Dutch, especially after the discovery of gold towards the end of the 19th C.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid Legislation Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid legislation

Nature and characteristics of discrimination

Colonization

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Petty Apartheid and Grand Apartheid legislation

Nature and characteristics of discrimination

Colonization

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account