IB History Topic USA: the Development of Democratic State Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB History Topic USA: the Development of Democratic State Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Aims and Results of US Democratic Policies

Social and Economic Policies

New Deal (1933–39)
1. Aims: Restore economic stability, protect democracy from collapse, and provide relief to unemployed Americans after the Great Depression.
2. Results: Expanded federal responsibility through programs such as Social Security and public works, strengthening democratic trust.
3. Limitations: Excluded many African Americans and women from full benefits, showing democracy expanded unevenly.
Great Society (1964–68)
1. Aims: Reduce poverty and racial inequality, and widen access to education and healthcare.
2. Results: Programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and the War on Poverty expanded social rights and democratic participation.
3. Limitations: High costs and Vietnam War spending limited long-term impact.
Welfare Reforms (Post-1980s)
1. Aims: Reduce dependency on welfare and promote individual responsibility.
2. Results: Short-term reductions in welfare rolls, especially after the 1996 Welfare Reform Act.
3. Limitations: Increased vulnerability for low-income families, raising questions about democratic equality.

Case study

The Great Society (1964–68)

Background
- President Lyndon B. Johnson launched the Great Society during a period of economic growth but persistent poverty and racial inequality.
- Influenced by the Civil Rights Movement and the belief that democracy required social justice, not just political rights.
- Johnson aimed to build on the New Deal by expanding the federal government’s role in citizens’ lives.
Aims
- Eliminate poverty through the War on Poverty.
- Expand educational and healthcare access to promote equal opportunity.
- Use federal power to reduce racial and economic inequality.
Key Policies
- Medicare and Medicaid (1965) provided healthcare for the elderly and the poor.
- Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965) increased federal funding for schools.
- Civil Rights Act (1964) and Voting Rights Act (1965) enforced legal equality and political participation.
Impact on Democracy
- Strengthened democracy by expanding social rights alongside political rights.
- Increased participation among marginalized groups through education, healthcare, and voting access.
- Reinforced the idea that democracy requires active government intervention.
Evaluation
- Short-term: Reduced elderly poverty and expanded access to healthcare and education.
- Long-term: Faced criticism for cost, bureaucracy, and limited success in eliminating poverty.
- The Vietnam War diverted funding and weakened public support.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
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Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Aims and Results of US Democratic Policies

Social and Economic Policies

New Deal (1933–39)
1. Aims: Restore economic stability, protect democracy from collapse, and provide relief to unemployed Americans after the Great Depression.
2. Results: Expanded federal responsibility through programs such as Social Security and public works, strengthening democratic trust.
3. Limitations: Excluded many African Americans and women from full benefits, showing democracy expanded unevenly.
Great Society (1964–68)
1. Aims: Reduce poverty and racial inequality, and widen access to education and healthcare.
2. Results: Programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and the War on Poverty expanded social rights and democratic participation.
3. Limitations: High costs and Vietnam War spending limited long-term impact.
Welfare Reforms (Post-1980s)
1. Aims: Reduce dependency on welfare and promote individual responsibility.
2. Results: Short-term reductions in welfare rolls, especially after the 1996 Welfare Reform Act.
3. Limitations: Increased vulnerability for low-income families, raising questions about democratic equality.

Case study

The Great Society (1964–68)

Background
- President Lyndon B. Johnson launched the Great Society during a period of economic growth but persistent poverty and racial inequality.
- Influenced by the Civil Rights Movement and the belief that democracy required social justice, not just political rights.
- Johnson aimed to build on the New Deal by expanding the federal government’s role in citizens’ lives.
Aims
- Eliminate poverty through the War on Poverty.
- Expand educational and healthcare access to promote equal opportunity.
- Use federal power to reduce racial and economic inequality.
Key Policies
- Medicare and Medicaid (1965) provided healthcare for the elderly and the poor.
- Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965) increased federal funding for schools.
- Civil Rights Act (1964) and Voting Rights Act (1965) enforced legal equality and political participation.
Impact on Democracy
- Strengthened democracy by expanding social rights alongside political rights.
- Increased participation among marginalized groups through education, healthcare, and voting access.
- Reinforced the idea that democracy requires active government intervention.
Evaluation
- Short-term: Reduced elderly poverty and expanded access to healthcare and education.
- Long-term: Faced criticism for cost, bureaucracy, and limited success in eliminating poverty.
- The Vietnam War diverted funding and weakened public support.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
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Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History USA: the Development of Democratic State Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Aims and Results of US Democratic Policies

Social and Economic Policies

The Great Society (1964–68)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Aims and Results of US Democratic Policies

Social and Economic Policies

The Great Society (1964–68)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account