IB History Topic Transition to Socialism Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Transition to Socialism Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Building a Socialist Economy (1949–1955)

China’s early years focused on restoring stability after decades of war and laying the foundations of a socialist state.
The CCP nationalized major banks, railways and heavy industries to create a state-planned economy.
The government introduced price controls and unified taxation to stabilize inflation after years of conflict.
Soviet advisers arrived to assist with planning, industrial education and technological training.
China prioritized heavy industry, believing strong industrial foundations were necessary for long-term socialist development.
Agricultural policy shifted gradually from land redistribution toward early forms of cooperation such as Mutual Aid Teams and lower-level cooperatives.

Case study

First Five-Year Plan (1953–1957)

Industrial Expansion and Soviet Influence

China followed a Soviet-style command model, focusing on steel, coal, machinery and energy production.
About 88 percent of state investment went to heavy industry, accelerating urban growth and factory construction.
With Soviet loans and technical support, China built new factories, railways and hydroelectric plants.
Urban employment increased, and workers received welfare benefits such as housing and basic medical care.
Industrial output grew rapidly, helping China recover from wartime destruction.

Social Achievements and Agricultural Strains

The plan improved literacy rates and expanded technical schools to develop a skilled industrial workforce.
Urban living standards rose, and workers enjoyed greater job security under state enterprises.
However, agriculture developed more slowly, causing shortages of grain and food pressure in cities.
Government encouragement of cooperatives created tension in rural areas as peasants lost control of production decisions.
The unequal growth between industry and farming created long-term weaknesses that affected later campaigns.

Definition

State-planned economy

System where government controls production, prices and investment.

Definition

Cooperatives

Groups of peasants pooling land and tools under collective management.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

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Note

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Building a Socialist Economy (1949–1955)

China’s early years focused on restoring stability after decades of war and laying the foundations of a socialist state.
The CCP nationalized major banks, railways and heavy industries to create a state-planned economy.
The government introduced price controls and unified taxation to stabilize inflation after years of conflict.
Soviet advisers arrived to assist with planning, industrial education and technological training.
China prioritized heavy industry, believing strong industrial foundations were necessary for long-term socialist development.
Agricultural policy shifted gradually from land redistribution toward early forms of cooperation such as Mutual Aid Teams and lower-level cooperatives.

Case study

First Five-Year Plan (1953–1957)

Industrial Expansion and Soviet Influence

China followed a Soviet-style command model, focusing on steel, coal, machinery and energy production.
About 88 percent of state investment went to heavy industry, accelerating urban growth and factory construction.
With Soviet loans and technical support, China built new factories, railways and hydroelectric plants.
Urban employment increased, and workers received welfare benefits such as housing and basic medical care.
Industrial output grew rapidly, helping China recover from wartime destruction.

Social Achievements and Agricultural Strains

The plan improved literacy rates and expanded technical schools to develop a skilled industrial workforce.
Urban living standards rose, and workers enjoyed greater job security under state enterprises.
However, agriculture developed more slowly, causing shortages of grain and food pressure in cities.
Government encouragement of cooperatives created tension in rural areas as peasants lost control of production decisions.
The unequal growth between industry and farming created long-term weaknesses that affected later campaigns.

Definition

State-planned economy

System where government controls production, prices and investment.

Definition

Cooperatives

Groups of peasants pooling land and tools under collective management.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Transition to Socialism Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Building a Socialist Economy (1949–1955)

First Five-Year Plan (1953–1957)

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Building a Socialist Economy (1949–1955)

First Five-Year Plan (1953–1957)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account