Notes for The Bourbon Restoration & The Congress of Vienna - IB | RevisionDojo
The Bourbon Restoration & The Congress of Vienna Notes
The Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830) was the period in French history when the House of Bourbon was returned to the throne after the defeat of Napoleon I.
The Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830)
After Napoleon’s first abdication (1814), the Bourbon monarchy was restored with Louis XVIII as king.
Louis XVIII issued the Charter of 1814, which kept some revolutionary changes but restored monarchy and Catholic Church influence.
His rule balanced between liberals (who wanted more freedoms) and royalists (who wanted a return to absolute monarchy).
After Louis XVIII’s death, Charles X became king (1824). He was more conservative, restoring privileges to the church and nobility.
Charles X’s unpopular policies (like compensation to nobles and censorship of the press) led to the July Revolution of 1830, which forced him to abdicate.
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors from European states held in 1814–1815 to reorganize Europe after the defeat of Napoleonic France. Led by Austrian diplomat Klemens von Metternich, the Great Powers sought to establish a conservative political order that would maintain a balance of power and prevent future wars on the scale of the Napoleonic Wars.
The Congress of Vienna (1815)
The Congress of Vienna was a meeting of major powers (Austria, Prussia, Russia, Britain, and France) after Napoleon’s defeat.
Its goals were to restore balance of power, legitimacy of monarchies, and prevent future revolutions.
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Note
The Bourbon Restoration marked the return of the French monarchy after Napoleon's defeat. This period began in 1814 when Louis XVIII, brother of the executed Louis XVI, was placed on the throne by the victorious Allied powers.
The Bourbon family had ruled France before the Revolution, making their return a symbol of restoring the old order
Louis XVIII faced the challenge of ruling a country that had experienced both revolution and empire
DefinitionBourbon Restoration
The period from 1814 to 1830 when the Bourbon monarchy was restored in France after Napoleon's defeat.
Analogy
Think of the Bourbon Restoration like trying to put toothpaste back in the tube - once revolutionary ideas had spread, it was impossible to completely return to the old ways.
