IB History Topic Leaders in the Modern Era Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Leaders in the Modern Era Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Theodore Roosevelt (United States, 1901–1909)

Political and Economic Aims
1. Roosevelt’s presidency marked the rise of Progressivism in the U.S., emphasizing government regulation of big business, social reform, and environmental conservation.
2. His “Square Deal” promised fairness for workers, businesses, and consumers, aiming to curb the power of monopolies and protect the public interest.
Successes
1. Expanded the federal government’s role through antitrust actions (e.g., breaking up the Northern Securities Company).
2. Strengthened labor rights with the 1902 Coal Strike intervention, balancing corporate and worker interests.
3. Created the National Parks system and protected over 230 million acres of land for conservation.
4. Asserted U.S. global influence through the Panama Canal construction and the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, marking the U.S. as a hemispheric power.
Failures and Criticisms
1. His foreign policy of “Big Stick Diplomacy” justified U.S. intervention in Latin America, fostering resentment.
2. While reform-minded, Roosevelt’s policies largely benefited white, middle-class Americans and excluded African Americans and women from meaningful progress.

Definition

Big Stick Diplomacy

President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy approach advocating peaceful negotiation backed by the threat of military strength—summed up by the phrase “speak softly and carry a big stick.”

Wilfrid Laurier (Canada, 1896–1911)

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Definition

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Note

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Theodore Roosevelt (United States, 1901–1909)

Political and Economic Aims
1. Roosevelt’s presidency marked the rise of Progressivism in the U.S., emphasizing government regulation of big business, social reform, and environmental conservation.
2. His “Square Deal” promised fairness for workers, businesses, and consumers, aiming to curb the power of monopolies and protect the public interest.
Successes
1. Expanded the federal government’s role through antitrust actions (e.g., breaking up the Northern Securities Company).
2. Strengthened labor rights with the 1902 Coal Strike intervention, balancing corporate and worker interests.
3. Created the National Parks system and protected over 230 million acres of land for conservation.
4. Asserted U.S. global influence through the Panama Canal construction and the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, marking the U.S. as a hemispheric power.
Failures and Criticisms
1. His foreign policy of “Big Stick Diplomacy” justified U.S. intervention in Latin America, fostering resentment.
2. While reform-minded, Roosevelt’s policies largely benefited white, middle-class Americans and excluded African Americans and women from meaningful progress.

Definition

Big Stick Diplomacy

President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy approach advocating peaceful negotiation backed by the threat of military strength—summed up by the phrase “speak softly and carry a big stick.”

Wilfrid Laurier (Canada, 1896–1911)

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Leaders in the Modern Era Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Theodore Roosevelt (United States, 1901–1909)

Wilfrid Laurier (Canada, 1896–1911)

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Theodore Roosevelt (United States, 1901–1909)

Wilfrid Laurier (Canada, 1896–1911)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account