IB History Topic Indigenous Peoples in Australia and New Zealand Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Indigenous Peoples in Australia and New Zealand Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Assimilation, Control and Discrimination (1940s–1960s)

In the mid twentieth century, government attitudes were shaped by racial hierarchies, assimilationist ideas and policies that undermined Indigenous autonomy.
Australian governments promoted assimilation to absorb Aboriginal peoples into white society.
Indigenous Australians faced legal restrictions on movement, employment and family life.
New Zealand policies attempted cultural integration but still favored Pakeha dominance.
Maori experienced social inequality due to land loss and limited economic opportunity.
Both countries viewed Indigenous cultures as obstacles to national unity.

Case study

Australia’s Assimilation Policy (1950s–1960s)

Origins and Intent

The policy sought cultural absorption, aiming to erase Indigenous identity.
Governments removed Aboriginal children from families to enforce assimilation.
Indigenous communities faced strict controls through welfare boards.
Residential institutions emphasized European-style education and training.
The policy reflected paternalistic attitudes rooted in colonial thinking.

Impact and Consequences

Forced removals caused deep intergenerational trauma.
Many Indigenous Australians lost cultural connections and family ties.
Policymakers eventually acknowledged policy failure by the late 1960s.
Growing activism demanded political rights and recognition.
The Stolen Generations became central to national reconciliation debates.

Definition

Assimilation

Policy expecting migrants or minorities to adopt majority culture.

Definition

Paternalism

Policy approach treating Indigenous groups as dependent and incapable of autonomy.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Assimilation, Control and Discrimination (1940s–1960s)

In the mid twentieth century, government attitudes were shaped by racial hierarchies, assimilationist ideas and policies that undermined Indigenous autonomy.
Australian governments promoted assimilation to absorb Aboriginal peoples into white society.
Indigenous Australians faced legal restrictions on movement, employment and family life.
New Zealand policies attempted cultural integration but still favored Pakeha dominance.
Maori experienced social inequality due to land loss and limited economic opportunity.
Both countries viewed Indigenous cultures as obstacles to national unity.

Case study

Australia’s Assimilation Policy (1950s–1960s)

Origins and Intent

The policy sought cultural absorption, aiming to erase Indigenous identity.
Governments removed Aboriginal children from families to enforce assimilation.
Indigenous communities faced strict controls through welfare boards.
Residential institutions emphasized European-style education and training.
The policy reflected paternalistic attitudes rooted in colonial thinking.

Impact and Consequences

Forced removals caused deep intergenerational trauma.
Many Indigenous Australians lost cultural connections and family ties.
Policymakers eventually acknowledged policy failure by the late 1960s.
Growing activism demanded political rights and recognition.
The Stolen Generations became central to national reconciliation debates.

Definition

Assimilation

Policy expecting migrants or minorities to adopt majority culture.

Definition

Paternalism

Policy approach treating Indigenous groups as dependent and incapable of autonomy.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Indigenous Peoples in Australia and New Zealand Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Assimilation, Control and Discrimination (1940s–1960s)

Australia’s Assimilation Policy (1950s–1960s)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Assimilation, Control and Discrimination (1940s–1960s)

Australia’s Assimilation Policy (1950s–1960s)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account