IB History Topic Causes of the Mexican Revolution Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Causes of the Mexican Revolution Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Background

By 1910, Mexico appeared stable and prosperous under Porfirio Díaz, who had ruled almost continuously since 1876.
Beneath the surface, however, the Porfiriato had created deep divisions. Modernization and foreign investment enriched a small elite while displacing peasants, marginalizing Indigenous communities, and alienating the middle class.
Díaz’s refusal to allow political change turned discontent into open rebellion.

Social Causes

Landlessness and Rural Inequality
1. By 1910, over 90% of rural families owned no land. The Ley de Deslinde (1894) allowed private companies and elites to seize “vacant” lands, destroying communal (ejido) systems.
Indigenous Displacement
1. Indigenous peoples lost ancestral territories and were forced into debt peonage on haciendas or mines, creating resentment that fueled the revolution.
Urban Labor Strain
1. Industrialization brought harsh working conditions in factories and mines, often under foreign ownership, with long hours and minimal pay.
Social Mobility Blocked
1. A small elite monopolized wealth and opportunity; education and reform did not reach the rural poor, widening class divisions.
Peasant Radicalization
1. Figures like Emiliano Zapata mobilized rural communities under slogans such as “Tierra y Libertad” (“Land and Liberty”), demanding restitution of land and justice.

Definition

Ejido

Traditional communal land used by Indigenous and peasant communities, dismantled under Díaz’s privatization policies.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Background

By 1910, Mexico appeared stable and prosperous under Porfirio Díaz, who had ruled almost continuously since 1876.
Beneath the surface, however, the Porfiriato had created deep divisions. Modernization and foreign investment enriched a small elite while displacing peasants, marginalizing Indigenous communities, and alienating the middle class.
Díaz’s refusal to allow political change turned discontent into open rebellion.

Social Causes

Landlessness and Rural Inequality
1. By 1910, over 90% of rural families owned no land. The Ley de Deslinde (1894) allowed private companies and elites to seize “vacant” lands, destroying communal (ejido) systems.
Indigenous Displacement
1. Indigenous peoples lost ancestral territories and were forced into debt peonage on haciendas or mines, creating resentment that fueled the revolution.
Urban Labor Strain
1. Industrialization brought harsh working conditions in factories and mines, often under foreign ownership, with long hours and minimal pay.
Social Mobility Blocked
1. A small elite monopolized wealth and opportunity; education and reform did not reach the rural poor, widening class divisions.
Peasant Radicalization
1. Figures like Emiliano Zapata mobilized rural communities under slogans such as “Tierra y Libertad” (“Land and Liberty”), demanding restitution of land and justice.

Definition

Ejido

Traditional communal land used by Indigenous and peasant communities, dismantled under Díaz’s privatization policies.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Causes of the Mexican Revolution Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Background

Social Causes

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Background

Social Causes

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account