IB Global Politics Sub-national and Local Governments

Context: India is the world's largest democracy and a federal state of 28 states and 8 union territories , each with its own elected government, legislature, and significant constitutional powers over areas including public order, health, agriculture, and local development. Sub-national governance in India operates at three levels: state, district, and local (panchayat/municipality) , with the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments (1992) formally devolving powers to local self-government and mandating reservation of seats for women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes. This became a glo