IB Global Politics Topic Inequality Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Global Politics Topic Inequality Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Understanding Inequality in Global Politics

What Is Inequality?

Definition

Inequality

Inequality refers to the uneven distribution of resources, opportunities, and power among individuals, groups, or nations.

It manifests in various forms, including:
1. Economic Inequality: Differences in income, wealth, and access to resources.
2. Social Inequality: Disparities in education, healthcare, and social mobility.
3. Political Inequality: Unequal access to political power and decision-making.
4. Global Inequality: The gap between developed and developing countries in terms of economic growth, technology, and living standards.

Note

Inequality is not just about economic differences. It encompasses social, political, and cultural dimensions that affect individuals and communities worldwide.

The Causes of Inequality

Historical Factors
1. Colonialism: Exploitation of resources and people created long-lasting economic disparities.
2. Slavery: Systemic oppression and economic exploitation of marginalized groups.
Economic Systems
1. Capitalism: While promoting growth, it can lead to wealth concentration and social stratification.
2. Globalization: Benefits are often unevenly distributed, favoring developed nations and multinational corporations.
Political Structures
1. Corruption: Diverts resources away from public goods and services.
2. Weak Institutions: Inability to enforce laws and protect rights exacerbates inequality.
Social and Cultural Norms
1. Discrimination: Based on race, gender, ethnicity, or religion limits opportunities for marginalized groups.
2. Patriarchy: Reinforces gender inequality in many societies.

Tip

When analyzing inequality, consider both structural factors (e.g., economic systems) and individual experiences (e.g., discrimination). This holistic approach provides a deeper understanding of the issue.

The Impact of Inequality

Economic Consequences
1. Reduced Growth: Inequality can hinder economic development by limiting access to education and healthcare.
2. Poverty: Concentration of wealth leaves many without basic necessities.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Understanding Inequality in Global Politics

What Is Inequality?

Definition

Inequality

Inequality refers to the uneven distribution of resources, opportunities, and power among individuals, groups, or nations.

It manifests in various forms, including:
1. Economic Inequality: Differences in income, wealth, and access to resources.
2. Social Inequality: Disparities in education, healthcare, and social mobility.
3. Political Inequality: Unequal access to political power and decision-making.
4. Global Inequality: The gap between developed and developing countries in terms of economic growth, technology, and living standards.

Note

Inequality is not just about economic differences. It encompasses social, political, and cultural dimensions that affect individuals and communities worldwide.

The Causes of Inequality

Historical Factors
1. Colonialism: Exploitation of resources and people created long-lasting economic disparities.
2. Slavery: Systemic oppression and economic exploitation of marginalized groups.
Economic Systems
1. Capitalism: While promoting growth, it can lead to wealth concentration and social stratification.
2. Globalization: Benefits are often unevenly distributed, favoring developed nations and multinational corporations.
Political Structures
1. Corruption: Diverts resources away from public goods and services.
2. Weak Institutions: Inability to enforce laws and protect rights exacerbates inequality.
Social and Cultural Norms
1. Discrimination: Based on race, gender, ethnicity, or religion limits opportunities for marginalized groups.
2. Patriarchy: Reinforces gender inequality in many societies.

Tip

When analyzing inequality, consider both structural factors (e.g., economic systems) and individual experiences (e.g., discrimination). This holistic approach provides a deeper understanding of the issue.

The Impact of Inequality

Economic Consequences
1. Reduced Growth: Inequality can hinder economic development by limiting access to education and healthcare.
2. Poverty: Concentration of wealth leaves many without basic necessities.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Core: Understanding power and global politics6 subtopics

Rights and Justice4 subtopics

Development and Sustainability4 subtopics

Peace and Conflict4 subtopics

Assessment Guides4 subtopics

IA Engagement Project1 subtopic

IB Global Politics Inequality Notes

Core: Understanding power and global politics6 subtopics

Rights and Justice4 subtopics

Development and Sustainability4 subtopics

Peace and Conflict4 subtopics

Assessment Guides4 subtopics

IA Engagement Project1 subtopic

Understanding Inequality in Global Politics

What Is Inequality?

The Causes of Inequality

The Impact of Inequality

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Understanding Inequality in Global Politics

What Is Inequality?

The Causes of Inequality

The Impact of Inequality

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account