IB Geography Topic 3.1.1 Poverty Reduction and the Growth of the Global Middle Class Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Geography Topic 3.1.1 Poverty Reduction and the Growth of the Global Middle Class Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Rising Wealth and Shifting Consumption Patterns

Imagine a world where billions of people have lifted themselves out of poverty, joining a growing middle class.
This transformation is reshaping global consumption patterns, driving demand for goods, energy, and food.
But what does this mean for our planet and its resources?

Poverty Reduction: A Global Success Story

How Did We Get Here?

Since 1990, global poverty rates have fallen dramatically - the number of people living in extreme poverty fell from nearly 2 billion (36%) to around 800 million (~10%).
Economic growth, globalization, and technological advancements have played key roles in this progress.

Note

Over 800 million people still live in extreme poverty (for less than $2.15 a day), highlighting the need for continued efforts.

The New Global Middle Class

Who Are the Global Middle Class?

The global middle class includes individuals earning between 10 and 100 USD per day.
This group is expanding rapidly, especially in middle-income countries (MICs) like China, India, and Brazil.

Note

Tip

The middle class is a key driver of economic growth, as it increases demand for consumer goods and services.

Note

Don’t assume that all middle-class individuals have economic security. Many remain vulnerable to unemployment and underemployment, especially in the informal economy.

Shifting Consumption Patterns

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Rising Wealth and Shifting Consumption Patterns

Imagine a world where billions of people have lifted themselves out of poverty, joining a growing middle class.
This transformation is reshaping global consumption patterns, driving demand for goods, energy, and food.
But what does this mean for our planet and its resources?

Poverty Reduction: A Global Success Story

How Did We Get Here?

Since 1990, global poverty rates have fallen dramatically - the number of people living in extreme poverty fell from nearly 2 billion (36%) to around 800 million (~10%).
Economic growth, globalization, and technological advancements have played key roles in this progress.

Note

Over 800 million people still live in extreme poverty (for less than $2.15 a day), highlighting the need for continued efforts.

The New Global Middle Class

Who Are the Global Middle Class?

The global middle class includes individuals earning between 10 and 100 USD per day.
This group is expanding rapidly, especially in middle-income countries (MICs) like China, India, and Brazil.

Note

Tip

The middle class is a key driver of economic growth, as it increases demand for consumer goods and services.

Note

Don’t assume that all middle-class individuals have economic security. Many remain vulnerable to unemployment and underemployment, especially in the informal economy.

Shifting Consumption Patterns

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

IB Geography 3.1.1 Poverty Reduction and the Growth of the Global Middle Class Notes

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

Rising Wealth and Shifting Consumption Patterns

Poverty Reduction: A Global Success Story

How Did We Get Here?

The New Global Middle Class

Who Are the Global Middle Class?

Shifting Consumption Patterns

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Rising Wealth and Shifting Consumption Patterns

Poverty Reduction: A Global Success Story

How Did We Get Here?

The New Global Middle Class

Who Are the Global Middle Class?

Shifting Consumption Patterns

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account