IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 6.1D Atmosphere System Revision Notes (HL)

IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 6.1D Atmosphere System Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

The Atmosphere as a Dynamic System

Definition

Dynamic atmospheric system

A dynamic atmospheric system is one in which gases, energy, and particles are continuously transformed and redistributed through interacting physical and chemical processes.

The atmosphere is a dynamic, constantly changing system shaped by physical and chemical processes from the surface to the upper layers.
These processes shape its composition, temperature, circulation, and the formation or destruction of gases such as ozone.
Because it receives constant inputs of solar radiation, aerosols, gases, and energy, it continually adjusts through feedbacks and exchanges with other Earth systems.

Physical Processes: Air Movement and Pressure

Definition

Pressure gradient force

Pressure gradient force is the force that drives air movement due to differences in atmospheric pressure.

Warm air rises because it becomes less dense.
Cold air sinks because it is more dense.
This creates convection currents, the basis of global wind systems.
These convection currents drive global winds and weather systems, organised by the tricellular model (covered in 6.1B).
Air moves from high-pressure regions to low-pressure regions.
These pressure differences come from temperature contrasts, such as:
1. warm equatorial air rising and creating low pressure,
2. and cold polar air sinking and creating high pressure.

Chemical Processes: The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle

Ozone Production

In the stratosphere, molecular oxygen (O₂) absorbs high-energy ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun.
This splits O₂ into two free oxygen atoms (O).
A free oxygen atom joins another O₂ to form ozone (O₃).

The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle (Dynamic Equilibrium)

UV radiation splits O₂ into O + O.
A free oxygen atom collides with O₂, forming O₃.

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IB Environmental systems and societies 6.1D Atmosphere System Notes

The Atmosphere as a Dynamic System

Physical Processes: Air Movement and Pressure

Chemical Processes: The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle

Ozone Production

The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle (Dynamic Equilibrium)

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The Atmosphere as a Dynamic System

Physical Processes: Air Movement and Pressure

Chemical Processes: The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle

Ozone Production

The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle (Dynamic Equilibrium)

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Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

IB Environmental systems and societies 6.1D Atmosphere System Notes

Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

The Atmosphere as a Dynamic System

Physical Processes: Air Movement and Pressure

Chemical Processes: The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle

Ozone Production

The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle (Dynamic Equilibrium)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

The Atmosphere as a Dynamic System

Physical Processes: Air Movement and Pressure

Chemical Processes: The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle

Ozone Production

The Ozone–Oxygen Cycle (Dynamic Equilibrium)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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