IB English A Lit Topic Grammatical Techniques Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB English A Lit Topic Grammatical Techniques Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Grammatical Techniques Shape Structure and Emphasis

Grammatical techniques are deliberate choices in syntax and sentence structure that shape how a message is delivered.
They influence the rhythm, clarity, and emotional impact of a text.

Note

This includes parallelism, subordination, anaphora, chiasmus, and punctuation choices.

Why Grammatical Techniques Matter

The form of a sentence affects how we feel and interpret it:
1. Short, clipped sentences can create urgency or tension.
2. Long, flowing sentences can mimic a character’s racing thoughts or create a sense of overwhelm.
3. Repetition can build rhythm, unify ideas, or hammer home a point.

Tip

Writers use sentence structure to control how a passage feels as it’s read.
A short, abrupt sentence can feel like a punch.
A long, winding one might feel like a spiral of thought or confusion.

Key Grammatical Techniques

Parallelism

Definition

Parallelism

Parallelism is the repetition of similar grammatical structures in a sentence or series of sentences.

"She came, she saw, she conquered."

The repetition of subject–verb structure creates a sense of movement and momentum.
It adds rhythm and finality, reinforcing her dominance and confidence.
Is used to:
1. Emphasize a sequence of actions or traits
2. Create a balanced, memorable sentence

Subordination

Definition

Subordination

Subordination involves using dependent clauses to add detail or context to a main clause.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Grammatical Techniques Shape Structure and Emphasis

Grammatical techniques are deliberate choices in syntax and sentence structure that shape how a message is delivered.
They influence the rhythm, clarity, and emotional impact of a text.

Note

This includes parallelism, subordination, anaphora, chiasmus, and punctuation choices.

Why Grammatical Techniques Matter

The form of a sentence affects how we feel and interpret it:
1. Short, clipped sentences can create urgency or tension.
2. Long, flowing sentences can mimic a character’s racing thoughts or create a sense of overwhelm.
3. Repetition can build rhythm, unify ideas, or hammer home a point.

Tip

Writers use sentence structure to control how a passage feels as it’s read.
A short, abrupt sentence can feel like a punch.
A long, winding one might feel like a spiral of thought or confusion.

Key Grammatical Techniques

Parallelism

Definition

Parallelism

Parallelism is the repetition of similar grammatical structures in a sentence or series of sentences.

"She came, she saw, she conquered."

The repetition of subject–verb structure creates a sense of movement and momentum.
It adds rhythm and finality, reinforcing her dominance and confidence.
Is used to:
1. Emphasize a sequence of actions or traits
2. Create a balanced, memorable sentence

Subordination

Definition

Subordination

Subordination involves using dependent clauses to add detail or context to a main clause.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Everything You Need to Know About Analysis5 subtopics

Paper 1 Lit4 subtopics

Paper 2 Lit4 subtopics

Individual Oral (IO)4 subtopics

Higher Level Essay (HLE)3 subtopics

IB English A Lit Grammatical Techniques Notes

Everything You Need to Know About Analysis5 subtopics

Paper 1 Lit4 subtopics

Paper 2 Lit4 subtopics

Individual Oral (IO)4 subtopics

Higher Level Essay (HLE)3 subtopics

Grammatical Techniques Shape Structure and Emphasis

Why Grammatical Techniques Matter

Key Grammatical Techniques

Parallelism

Subordination

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Grammatical Techniques Shape Structure and Emphasis

Why Grammatical Techniques Matter

Key Grammatical Techniques

Parallelism

Subordination

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account