Types of Networks
Definition
Computer Network
A connection between two or more computer devices.
Wired Networks
- Use physical cables, like copper Ethernet or fiber-optic cables, to connect devices.
- These networks are known for their reliability and speed, making them a popular choice in offices, schools, and government institutions.
- Advantages:
- High data transfer speeds.
- Minimal interference, ensuring stable connections.
- Enhanced security as data travels through physical cables.
- Disadvantages:
- Limited mobility as devices must stay connected to the cable.
- Higher installation costs, especially with fiber-optic infrastructure.
- Advantages:
Fiber-optic cables are particularly useful for transmitting data over long distances without compromising speed or quality.
Wireless Networks
- Use radio waves to transmit data.
- Do not require the use of cables and are more portable.
- Devices connect via wireless routers or access points, making these networks highly flexible and accessible.
- Advantages:
- Mobility as devices can connect anywhere within the network’s range.
- Quick and easy setup compared to wired networks.
- Disadvantages:
- Prone to interference from other wireless devices or physical obstacles.
- Slower speeds compared to wired networks, although advancements like Wi-Fi 6 are narrowing this gap.
- Advantages:
A common misconception is that wireless networks are entirely cable-free. However, routers and access points often connect to a wired backbone.
Cloud Networks
- Store data and manage networks on remote servers hosted on the internet.
- They enable scalability and reduce the need for on-site hardware.
- Advantages:
- Easily scalable to meet changing demands.
- Cost-effective as it minimizes the need for extensive infrastructure.
- Disadvantages:
- Reliant on stable internet connectivity.
- Potential security risks if cloud providers lack robust safeguards.
- Advantages:
Cloud networks are ideal for businesses with remote teams, enabling employees to access data and applications from anywhere in the world.
Networks by Size
Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Connects devices within a very short range, such as a smartphone and a smartwatch.
- Perfect for personal use.
- They have very high transmission speeds.
Your smartwatch uses Bluetooth to send your heart rate and step count to your phone. This is a classic example of a PAN in action.
