IB Digital Society Topic 2.6A Systems and System Thinking Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Digital Society Topic 2.6A Systems and System Thinking Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

2.6A Systems and System Thinking

Systems as a Concept

Systems is a concept with a way of looking called systems thinking. A system is a set of parts that interact and depend on one another to serve a purpose; study the whole and its connections, since the parts alone will not explain it.
Meadows: any system is three things, its elements, the interconnections between them, and a purpose. Elements are easiest to see; interconnections and purpose explain how it behaves.
A social platform as a system: elements = users, posts, ranking algorithm; interconnections = rules deciding who sees what; purpose (owner-set) = maximise engagement. Change the purpose and everything shifts at once, which is why it is the most powerful yet least visible part.
Systems thinking asks how the parts affect each other and what the whole produces. Almost everything in digital society, from a platform to a supply chain, is best read this way.

Analogy

Analogy

A football team is a system: players are the elements, passing and positioning the interconnections, winning the purpose.
You cannot understand the team by studying one player alone.

Feedback Loops

Systems are steered by feedback loops, where the output loops back to change the input. Two kinds.
Reinforcing loop amplifies change (more leads to more): a shared post is shown to more people who share again, snowballing into a viral trend. Balancing loop pushes back to a target, like a thermostat: moderation or a rate limit corrects a platform when it drifts too far.
A reinforcing loop in a recommendation feed narrows and deepens each turn (one video, then three, then ten). Unchecked it runs to an extreme unless a balancing loop, or a human, reins it in.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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2.6A Systems and System Thinking

Systems as a Concept

Systems is a concept with a way of looking called systems thinking. A system is a set of parts that interact and depend on one another to serve a purpose; study the whole and its connections, since the parts alone will not explain it.
Meadows: any system is three things, its elements, the interconnections between them, and a purpose. Elements are easiest to see; interconnections and purpose explain how it behaves.
A social platform as a system: elements = users, posts, ranking algorithm; interconnections = rules deciding who sees what; purpose (owner-set) = maximise engagement. Change the purpose and everything shifts at once, which is why it is the most powerful yet least visible part.
Systems thinking asks how the parts affect each other and what the whole produces. Almost everything in digital society, from a platform to a supply chain, is best read this way.

Analogy

Analogy

A football team is a system: players are the elements, passing and positioning the interconnections, winning the purpose.
You cannot understand the team by studying one player alone.

Feedback Loops

Systems are steered by feedback loops, where the output loops back to change the input. Two kinds.
Reinforcing loop amplifies change (more leads to more): a shared post is shown to more people who share again, snowballing into a viral trend. Balancing loop pushes back to a target, like a thermostat: moderation or a rate limit corrects a platform when it drifts too far.
A reinforcing loop in a recommendation feed narrows and deepens each turn (one video, then three, then ten). Unchecked it runs to an extreme unless a balancing loop, or a human, reins it in.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Topic 1 - Introduction - Digital Society1 subtopic

Topic 2 - Concepts - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 3 - Content - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 4 - Contexts - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 5 - Challenges and Interventions - Digital Society (HL)3 subtopics

IB Digital Society 2.6A Systems and System Thinking Notes

Topic 1 - Introduction - Digital Society1 subtopic

Topic 2 - Concepts - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 3 - Content - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 4 - Contexts - Digital Society7 subtopics

Topic 5 - Challenges and Interventions - Digital Society (HL)3 subtopics

2.6A Systems and System Thinking

Systems as a Concept

Feedback Loops

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

2.6A Systems and System Thinking

Systems as a Concept

Feedback Loops

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account