IB Design Technology 3.3 Physical Modelling Notes

Physical Modelling

Designers love a good Physical Model

1. Physical models are real, touchable versions of a design that help designers understand how an object will be used in real life.
2. They are especially useful for testing ergonomics, internal structure, and aesthetics before making the final product.
3. They let Designers do the following:
   1. Visualize information about the context.
   2. Scale down large objects or scale up smaller ones for easier visualization.
   3. Test aspects of a product against user requirements.
   4. Gather feedback to improve the design and product-user interface.

Why Designers Use Physical Models

1. Ergonomics & Fit
   1. Helps check if the design is comfortable to hold or use.
   2. Ensures the product fits well with the human body (e.g., chairs, smartphones, tools).
   3. Example: A game controller prototype is tested to see if buttons are easy to press and the shape fits well in hand.
2. Internal & External Relationships
   1. Shows how inside components affect the outside design.
   2. Helps place buttons, ports, and grips in the right spots.
   3. Example: A phone model helps designers decide where to put the charging port, speakers, and camera without making the phone uncomfortable to hold.
3. Aesthetic Considerations
   1. Helps designers explore form, shape, color, and texture.
   2. Ensures the product looks appealing before final production.
   3. Example: A car model lets designers test how different colors or curves affect its appearance.

Scale Models - Simple Explanation

1. A scale model is a smaller or larger version of a real object.
2. It's used to study, test, or communicate a design without creating a full-size version.

Why Designers Use Scale Models

1. Used in Architecture
   1. Helps architects show clients what a building will look like before construction.
   2. Demonstrates form, proportion, and functionality in a tangible way.
   3. Example: A miniature version of a skyscraper allows architects to study its shape and how it fits into the surrounding environment.
2. Used in Testing
   1. Some designs are too big or expensive to test at full scale.
   2. Smaller models are tested under real conditions before finalizing the design.
   3. Example: Wind tunnel testing of aircraft uses scale models to check aerodynamics before building a full-sized plane.
3. Used to Communicate Ideas
   1. Shows how a design will look and function before production.
   2. Useful for getting feedback from clients and team members.
   3. Example: Car manufacturers create scale models of new car designs to refine aesthetics and shape.