A force diagram (or free-body diagram) shows all the forces acting on a structure or object. These include applied loads, reactions at supports, and internal forces like tension and compression.
How force is represented in a diagram (accessdl)Note
Copy this link and watch this video to understand how to draw and interpretforce diagrams: https://youtu.be/29YPIvj1zjc?si=aM2lJ5vTk6lhNWFv
Key Principles
Forces are vectors: They have both magnitude and direction.
Forces in the same direction add up.
Forces in opposite directions are subtracted.
Resultant Force is the overall effect of all forces acting on an object.
E.g. If one horse pulls a cart with 4 N and another with 3 N in the same direction → Resultant = 7 N
If opposing (tug of war): 4 N left – 3 N right → Resultant = 1 N left
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What is a force diagram?
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Note
Introduction to Force Diagrams
A force diagram (or free-body diagram) shows all the forces acting on a structure or object. These include applied loads, reactions at supports, and internal forces like tension and compression.
AnalogyThink of a force diagram as a map showing all the roads (forces) leading to a city (object).
ExampleA force diagram for a hanging lamp would show the weight of the lamp and the tension in the cable.
DefinitionForce DiagramA graphical representation of all forces acting on an object, showing their magnitudes and directions.
Common MistakeForgetting to include support reactions in a force diagram.
NoteForce diagrams simplify complex structures into basic shapes and lines to focus on the forces.