Components in Electronic Systems
Passive Components
Definition
Passive Electronic Components
Components that do not control or amplify electrical signals, but instead store, resist, or transfer energy, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors.
- Passive components do not require an external power source to operate.
- They respond to electrical signals but do not amplify or generate them.
Fixed and Variable Resistors
Definition
Resistor
An electronic component that limits or controls the flow of electric current in a circuit.
Fixed Resistors
- Have a constant resistance value.
- Purpose: Control current flow, divide voltage, and protect components.
Variable Resistors
- Allow resistance to be adjusted.
- Types: Potentiometers and rheostats.
- Purpose: Used in volume controls, dimmer switches, and tuning circuits.
Capacitors
Definition
Capacitor
An electronic component that stores and releases electrical energy by holding an electric charge between two conductive plates.
- Energy Storage: Smooth out voltage fluctuations.
- Filtering: Remove noise from signals.
- Timing: Control the timing of circuits (e.g., in oscillators).
- Think of a capacitor as a water tank in a plumbing system.
- It stores water (energy) and releases it when needed to maintain a steady flow.
Switches
Definition
Switch
An electrical component that is used to connect or disconnect the flow of electricity in a circuit, allowing control over whether the circuit is on or off.
- Types:
- Manual: Toggle, push-button.
