IB Design Technology Topic A3.3.8 Cams and Motion Revision Notes (HL)

IB Design Technology Topic A3.3.8 Cams and Motion Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Cams: The Shape Is the Instruction

Definition

Cam

A mechanical part that converts rotational motion into linear motion.

How Cams Work

Cam Profile: The shape of the cam determines the motion it imparts.
Follower: A component that rides on the cam's surface, translating its shape into motion.
Camshaft: The rotating axis on which the cam is mounted.
Crank: In some systems, cams work alongside a crank, which converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion.

Types of Cams and Their Motion

Pear Cam

Shape: Resembles a pear, with a rounded end and a tapered section.
Motion: Provides a smooth rise and fall with a dwell period (no movement).
Uses: Automated machinery where a pause in motion is needed, such as textile machines.

Example

In a sewing machine, a pear cam controls the needle's movement, allowing it to pause at the top and bottom of each stitch.

Circular Cam

Shape: a circular disc, turning about a point that is offset from its centre.
Motion: a smooth, uniform rise and fall, with no dwell at any point.
Uses: Simple applications where consistent motion is required, like rotary pumps.

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Definition

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