IB Computer Science Topic B.4.6 Human Vs. Machine Language Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Computer Science Topic B.4.6 Human Vs. Machine Language Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Language is a fundamental aspect of communication , whether it's between humans or machines.
However, the way humans and machines learn and process language is vastly different.

Note

Understanding these differences is crucial for appreciating the challenges and advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP).

Human Language Learning

Cognitive Learning

Humans learn language through cognitive processes, which involve understanding and interpreting meaning, context, and emotions.
This process is deeply rooted in our ability to think abstractly and generalize from experiences.

Example

A child learns the word "dog" by associating it with a furry animal they see and hear others refer to as "dog."
Over time, they generalize this knowledge to recognize different breeds as dogs.

Syntax and Semantics

Human language is governed by syntax (rules for sentence structure) and semantics (meaning of words and sentences).
Humans intuitively grasp these rules through exposure and practice, often without explicit instruction.

Example

In English, the sentence "The cat sat on the mat" follows a subject-verb-object structure.

Context and Ambiguity

Humans excel at understanding context and resolving ambiguity in language.
This ability allows us to interpret phrases with multiple meanings based on the situation.

Example

The word "bank" can refer to a financial institution or the side of a river. Humans use context to determine the correct meaning.

Machine Language Learning

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Language is a fundamental aspect of communication , whether it's between humans or machines.
However, the way humans and machines learn and process language is vastly different.

Note

Understanding these differences is crucial for appreciating the challenges and advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP).

Human Language Learning

Cognitive Learning

Humans learn language through cognitive processes, which involve understanding and interpreting meaning, context, and emotions.
This process is deeply rooted in our ability to think abstractly and generalize from experiences.

Example

A child learns the word "dog" by associating it with a furry animal they see and hear others refer to as "dog."
Over time, they generalize this knowledge to recognize different breeds as dogs.

Syntax and Semantics

Human language is governed by syntax (rules for sentence structure) and semantics (meaning of words and sentences).
Humans intuitively grasp these rules through exposure and practice, often without explicit instruction.

Example

In English, the sentence "The cat sat on the mat" follows a subject-verb-object structure.

Context and Ambiguity

Humans excel at understanding context and resolving ambiguity in language.
This ability allows us to interpret phrases with multiple meanings based on the situation.

Example

The word "bank" can refer to a financial institution or the side of a river. Humans use context to determine the correct meaning.

Machine Language Learning

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1. System fundamentals2 subtopics

2. Computer organization1 subtopic

3. Networks1 subtopic

4. Computational thinking, problem-solving and programming3 subtopics

5. Abstract data structures (HL)1 subtopic

6. Resource management (HL)1 subtopic

7. Control (HL)1 subtopic

A. Databases4 subtopics

B. Modelling and simulation4 subtopics

C. Web science6 subtopics

D. Object-oriented programming (OOP)4 subtopics

IB Computer Science B.4.6 Human Vs. Machine Language Notes

Human Language Learning

Cognitive Learning

Syntax and Semantics

Context and Ambiguity

Machine Language Learning

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Human Language Learning

Cognitive Learning

Syntax and Semantics

Context and Ambiguity

Machine Language Learning

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

1. System fundamentals2 subtopics

2. Computer organization1 subtopic

3. Networks1 subtopic

4. Computational thinking, problem-solving and programming3 subtopics

5. Abstract data structures (HL)1 subtopic

6. Resource management (HL)1 subtopic

7. Control (HL)1 subtopic

A. Databases4 subtopics

B. Modelling and simulation4 subtopics

C. Web science6 subtopics

D. Object-oriented programming (OOP)4 subtopics