Centralised vs. Distributed Control Systems
Centralised Control Systems
Centralised control systems rely on a single central computer to manage all processing and decision-making.
Definition
Centralised control system
A control system that relies on a single central computer to manage all processing and decision-making
This architecture offers several advantages:
- Simplified Management: All data and processes are handled in one location, making it easier to monitor and control.
- Cost-Effective: Client devices require minimal hardware since the central system performs all computations.
- Enhanced Security: Data is stored centrally, reducing the risk of unauthorised access across multiple locations.
- Efficient Backup: With all resources in one place, backing up data is straightforward and less resource-intensive.
Centralised systems are often used in environments where reliability and control are paramount, such as banking systems or large-scale enterprise networks.
In contrast, the disadvantages are:
- Single Point of Failure: If the central system or its connection fails, the entire network can become inoperative.
- Scalability Challenges: Expanding the system requires a significant investment in the central infrastructure.
- Network Dependency: Client devices must maintain a stable connection to the central system, which can be a bottleneck.
- A common misconception is that centralised systems are always more secure.
- While data is stored in one location, a breach of the central system can compromise the entire network.
Distributed Control Systems
Definition
Distributed control system
A control system that spreads processing and decision-making across multiple independent nodes
Each node can operate autonomously, offering several advantages:
- Resilience: If one node fails, others can continue to function, ensuring system stability.
- Scalability: New nodes can be added without disrupting the existing system.
