Key Functions of an Operating System
Operating system (OS)
An operating system (OS) is the bridge between the user, applications, and the hardware of a computer system. It abstracts the complexities of hardware, managing system resources and providing a stable environment for applications to run.
Why do we need an Operating System? Because it is responsible for:
- Memory Management
- Resource Monitoring and Multitasking
- Disk Access and Data Management
- Peripheral Communication
- Security
In short, operating systems are essential for the seamless operation of computer systems, providing a stable and secure environment for applications to run.
Memory Management
Memory management is a core function of an operating system, responsible for allocating and managing the computer's memory resources. Formally:
- Allocation and DeallocationThe OS assigns memory to applications and reclaims it when no longer needed.
- IsolationEnsures that each application operates in its own memory space, preventing interference.
- Virtual MemoryExtends physical memory by using disk space, allowing larger applications to run.
Resource Monitoring and Multitasking
The OS manages hardware resources such as the CPU, memory, and I/O devices to ensure efficient operation. It is responsible for:
- Processor SchedulingAllocates CPU time to applications, enabling multitasking.
