Functions and Practical Applications of Network Topologies
Definition
Network topology
Network topology is the arrangement of devices ( nodes) and connections ( links) within a network. It can be physical (the actual layout of cables and hardware) or logical (how data flows across the network).
Star Topology
Definition
Star topology
A star topology connects each device directly to a central device (usually a switch or hub), forming a star-like structure.
- The central device is the hub of communication.
- All data passes through it.
Key Features of Star Topology
- Reliability
- High reliability: A single device failure isolates only that device.
- Single point of failure: If the central device fails, the entire network goes down.
- Transmission Speed
- Generally fast due to direct connections.
- Modern switches minimize delays and data collisions.
- Scalability
- Easy to add or remove devices by connecting to the central switch.
- Limited by the number of ports on the central device.
- Data Collisions
- Rare, as modern switches manage traffic effectively.
- Cost
- Higher due to the need for individual cables for each device.
- Home Networks: Most home networks use a star topology with a central router.
- Business LANs: Offices often use star topologies for reliable and manageable connections.
Mesh Topology
Definition
Mesh topology
In a mesh topology, devices ( nodes) connect directly to multiple other nodes, creating a mesh-like structure.
- Wi-Fi Mesh Systems: Products like Google Nest and Eero use mesh topology for home networks.
- Industrial Applications: Mesh networks provide reliable connectivity for sensors in manufacturing or warehousing.
Hybrid Topology
Definition
Hybrid networks
Hybrid networks combine elements from different topologies (e.g., star and mesh) to optimize performance, reliability, and scalability.
Hybrid networks leverage the strengths of multiple topologies while minimizing their weaknesses.
