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Ligand
A molecule or ion that donates a lone pair of electrons to a central metal ion to form a coordination bond.
Oxidation state
The oxidation state (or oxidation number) is a numerical value assigned to an atom in a compound. It is the hypothetical charge the atom would have if every bond were treated as fully ionic (bonding electrons assigned to the more electronegative atom).
Principal quantum number
The principal quantum number (n) is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that describes the main energy levels, or shells, of an atom.
Transition element
A d-block element that forms at least one stable ion with a partially filled d-sublevel.